GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF THE CIVIL LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ——附加英文版
The National People's Congress
GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF THE CIVIL LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
(Adopted at the Fourth Session of the Sixth National People's
Congress, promulgated by Order No. 37 of the President of the People's
Republic of China on April 12, 1986, and effective as of January 1, 1987)
Contents
Chapter I Basic Principles
Chapter II Citizen (Natural Person)
Section 1 Capacity for Civil Rights and Capacity for Civil
Conduct
Section 2 Guardianship
Section 3 Declarations of Missing Persons and Death
Section 4 Individual Businesses and Leaseholding Farm
Households
Section 5 Individual Partnership
Chapter III Legal Persons
Section 1 General Stipulations
Section 2 Enterprise as Legal Person
Section 3 Official Organ, Institution and Social
Organization as Legal Persons
Section 4 Economic Association
Chapter IV Civil Juristic Acts and Agency
Section 1 Civil Juristic Acts
Section 2 Agency
Chapter V Civil Rights
Section 1 Property Ownership and Related Property Rights
Section 2 Creditors' Rights
Section 3 Intellectual Property Rights
Section 4 Personal Rights
Chapter VI Civil Liability
Section 1 General Stipulations
Section 2 Civil Liability for Breach of Contract
Section 3 Civil Liability for Infringement of Rights
Section 4 Methods of Bearing Civil Liability
Chapter VII Limitation of Action
Chapter VIII Application of Law in Civil Relations with Foreigners
Chapter IX Supplementary Provisions
Chapter I Basic Principles
Article 1
This Law is formulated in accordance with the Constitution and the actual
situation in our country, drawing upon our practical experience in civil
activities, for the purpose of protecting the lawful civil rights and
interests of citizens and legal persons and correctly adjusting civil
relations, so as to meet the needs of the developing socialist
modernization.
Article 2
The Civil Law of the People's Republic of China shall adjust property
relationships and personal relationships between civil subjects with equal
status, that is, between citizens, between legal persons and between
citizens and legal persons.
Article 3
Parties to a civil activity shall have equal status.
Article 4
In civil activities, the principles of voluntariness, fairness, making
compensation for equal value, honesty and credibility shall be observed.
Article 5
The lawful civil rights and interests of citizens and legal persons shall
be protected by law; no organization or individual may infringe upon them.
Article 6
Civil activities must be in compliance with the law; where there are no
relevant provisions in the law, they shall be in compliance with state
policies.
Article 7
Civil activities shall have respect for social ethics and shall not harm
the public interest, undermine state economic plans or disrupt social
economic order.
Article 8
The law of the People's Republic of China shall apply to civil activities
within the People's Republic of China, except as otherwise stipulated by
law.
The stipulations of this Law as regards citizens shall apply to foreigners
and stateless persons within the People's Republic of China, except as
otherwise stipulated by law.
Chapter II Citizen (Natural Person)
Section 1 Capacity for Civil Rights and Capacity for Civil Conduct.
Article 9
A citizen shall have the capacity for civil rights from birth to death and
shall enjoy civil rights and assume civil obligations in accordance with
the law.
Article 10
All citizens are equal as regards their capacity for civil rights.
Article 11
A citizen aged 18 or over shall be an adult. He shall have full capacity
for civil conduct, may independently engage in civil activities and shall
be called a person with full capacity for civil conduct.
A citizen who has reached the age of 16 but not the age of 18 and whose
main source of income is his own labour shall be regarded as a person with
full capacity for civil conduct.
Article 12
A minor aged 10 or over shall be a person with limited capacity for civil
conduct and may engage in civil activities appropriate to his age and
intellect; in other civil activities, he shall be represented by his agent
ad litem or participate with the consent of his agent ad litem.
A minor under the age of 10 shall be a person having no capacity for civil
conduct and shall be represented in civil activities by his agent ad
litem.
Article 13
A mentally ill person who is unable to account for his own conduct shall
be a person having no capacity for civil conduct and shall be represented
in civil activities by his agent ad litem.
A mentally ill person who is unable to fully account for his own conduct
shall be a person with limited capacity for civil conduct and may engage
in civil activities appropriate to his mental health; in other civil
activities, he shall be represented by his agent ad litem or participate
with the consent of his agent ad litem.
Article 14
The guardian of a person without or with limited capacity for civil
conduct shall be his agent ad litem.
Article 15
The domicile of a citizen shall be the place where his residence is
registered; if his habitual residence is not the same as his domicile, his
habitual residence shall be regarded as his domicile.
Section 2 Guardianship
Article 16
The parents of a minor shall be his guardians.
If the parents of a minor are dead or lack the competence to be his
guardian, a person from the following categories who has the competence to
be a guardian shall act as his guardian:
(1) paternal or maternal grandparent;
(2) elder brother or sister; or
(3) any other closely connected relative or friend willing to bear the
responsibility of guardianship and having approval from the units of the
minor's parents or from the neighbourhood or village committee in the
place of the minor's residence. In case of a dispute over guardianship,
the units of the minor's parents or the neighbourhood or village committee
in the place of his residence shall appoint a guardian from among the
minor's near relatives. If disagreement over the appointment leads to a
lawsuit, the people's court shall make a ruling.
If none of the persons listed in the first two paragraphs of this article
is available to be the guardian, the units of the minor's parents, the
neighbourhood or village committee in the place of the minor's residence
or the civil affairs department shall act as his guardian.
Article 17
A person from the following categories shall act as guardian for a
mentally ill person without or with limited capacity for civil conduct:
(1) spouse;
(2) parent;
(3) adult child;
(4) any other near relative;
(5) any other closely connected relative or friend willing to bear the
responsibility of guardianship and having approval from the unit to which
the mentally ill person belongs or from the neighbourhood or village
committee in the place of his residence. In case of a dispute over
guardianship, the unit to which the mentally ill person belongs or the
neighbourhood or village committee in the place of his residence shall
appoint a guardian from among his near relatives. If disagreement over the
appointment leads to a lawsuit, the people's court shall make a ruling.
If none of the persons listed in the first paragraph of this article is
available to be the guardian, the unit to which the mentally ill person
belongs, the neighbourhood or village committee in the place of his
residence or the civil affairs department shall act as his guardian.
Article 18
A guardian shall fulfil his duty of guardianship and protect the person,
property and other lawful rights and interests of his ward. A guardian
shall not handle the property of his ward unless it is in the ward's
interests.
A guardian's rights to fulfil his guardianship in accordance with the law
shall be protected by law.
If a guardian does not fulfil his duties as guardian or infringes upon the
lawful rights and interests of his ward, he shall be held responsible; if
a guardian causes any property loss for his ward, he shall compensate for
such loss. The people's court may disqualify a guardian based on the
application of a concerned party or unit.
Article 19
A person who shares interests with a mental patient may apply to a
people's court for a declaration that the mental patient is a person
without or with limited capacity for civil conduct.
With the recovery of the health of a person who has been declared by a
people's court to be without or with limited capacity for civil conduct,
and upon his own application or that of an interested person, the people's
court may declare him to be a person with limited or full capacity for
civil conduct.
Section 3 Declarations of Missing Persons and Death
Article 20
If a citizen's whereabouts have been unknown for two years, an interested
person may apply to a people's court for a declaration of the citizen as
missing.
If a person's whereabouts become unknown during a war, the calculation of
the time period in which his whereabouts are unknown shall begin on the
final day of the war.
Article 21
A missing person's property shall be placed in the custody of his spouse,
parents, adult children or other closely connected relatives or friends.
In case of a dispute over custody, if the persons stipulated above are
unavailable or are incapable of taking such custody, the property shall be
placed in the custody of a person appointed by the people's court. Any
taxes, debts and other unpaid expenses owed by a missing person shall
defrayed by the custodian out of the missing person's property.
Article 22
In the event that a person who has been declared missing reappears or his
whereabouts are ascertained, the people's court shall, upon his own
application or that of an interested person, revoke the declaration of his
missing-person status.
Article 23
Under either of the following circumstances, an interested person may
apply to the people's court for a declaration of a citizen's death:
(1) if the citizen's whereabouts have been unknown for four years or
(2) if the citizen's whereabouts have been unknown for two years after the
date of an accident in which he was involved.
If a person's whereabouts become unknown during a war, the calculation of
the time period in which his whereabouts are unknown shall begin on the
final day of the war.
Article 24
In the event that a person who has been declared dead reappears or it is
ascertained that he is alive, the people's court shall, upon his own
application or that of an interested person, revoke the declaration of his
death.
Any civil juristic acts performed by a person with capacity for civil
conduct during the period in which he has been declared dead shall be
valid.
Article 25
A person shall have the right to request the return of his property, if
the declaration of his death has been revoked. Any citizen or organization
that has obtained such property in accordance with the Law of Succession
shall return the original items or make appropriate compensation if the
original items no longer exist.
Section 4 Individual Businesses and Leaseholding Farm Households
Article 26
"Individual businesses" refers to business run by individual citizens who
have been lawfully registered and approved to engage in industrial or
commercial operation within the sphere permitted by law. An individual
business may adopt a shop name.
Article 27
"Leaseholding farm households" refers to members of a rural collective
economic organization who engage in commodity production under a contract
and within the spheres permitted by law.
Article 28
The legitimate rights and interests of individual businesses and
leaseholding farm households shall be protected by law.
Article 29
The debts of an individual business or a leaseholding farm household shall
be secured with the individual's property if the business is operated by
an individual and with the family's property if the business is operated
by a family.
Section 5 Individual Partnership
Article 30
"Individual partnership" refers to two or more citizens associated in a
business and working together, with each providing funds, material
objects, techniques and so on according to an agreement.
Article 31
Partners shall make a written agreement covering the funds each is to
provide, the distribution of profits, the responsibility for debts, the
entering into and withdrawal from partnership, the ending of partnership
and other such matters.
Article 32
The property provided by the partners shall be under their unified
management and use. The property accumulated in a partnership operation
shall belong to all the partners.
Article 33
An individual partnership may adopt a shop name; it shall be approved and
registered in accordance with the law and conduct business operations
within the range as approved and registered.
Article 34
The operational activities of an individual partnership shall be decided
jointly by the partners, who each shall have the right to carry out and
supervise those activities. The partners may elect a responsible person.
All partners shall bear civil liability for the operational activities of
the responsible person and other personnel.
Article 35
A partnership's debts shall be secured with the partners' property in
proportion to their respective contributions to the investment or
according to the agreement made. Partners shall undertake joint liability
for their partnership's debts, except as otherwise stipulated by law. Any
partner who overpays his share of the partnership's debts shall have the
right to claim compensation from the other partners.
Chapter III Legal Persons
Section 1 General Stipulations
Article 36
A legal person shall be an organization that has capacity for civil rights
and capacity for civil conduct and independently enjoys civil rights and
assumes civil obligations in accordance with the law.
A legal person's capacity for civil rights and capacity for civil conduct
shall begin when the legal person is established and shall end when the
legal person terminates.
Article 37
A legal person shall have the following qualifications:
(1) establishment in accordance with the law;
(2) possession of the necessary property or funds;
(3) possession of its own name, organization and premises; and
(4) ability to independently bear civil liability.
Article 38
In accordance with the law or the articles of association of the legal
person, the responsible person who acts on behalf of the legal person in
exercising its functions and powers shall be its legal representative.
Article 39
A legal person's domicile shall be the place where its main administrative
office is located.
Article 40
When a legal person terminates, it shall go into liquidation in accordance
with the law and discontinue all other activities.
Section 2 Enterprise as Legal Person
Article 41
An enterprise owned by the whole people or under collective ownership
shall be qualified as a legal person when it has sufficient funds as
stipulated by the state; has articles of association, an organization and
premises; has the ability to independently bear civil liability; and has
been approved and registered by the competent authority. A Chinese-
foreign equity joint venture, Chinese-foreign contractual joint venture or
foreign-capital enterprise established within the People's Republic of
China shall be qualified as a legal person in China if it has the
qualifications of a legal person and has been approved and registered by
the administrative agency for industry and commerce in according with the
law.
Article 42
An enterprise as legal person shall conduct operations within the range
approved and registered.
Article 43
An enterprise as legal person shall bear civil liability for the
operational activities of its legal representatives and other personnel.
Article 44
If an enterprise as legal person is divided or merged or undergoes any
other important change, it shall register the change with the registration
authority and publicly announce it.
When an enterprise as legal person is divided or merged, its rights and
obligations shall be enjoyed and assumed by the new legal person that
results from the change.
Article 45
An enterprise as legal person shall terminate for any of the following
reasons:
(1) if it is dissolved by law;
(2) if it is disbanded;
(3) if it is declared bankrupt in accordance with the law; or
(4) for other reasons.
Article 46
When an enterprise as legal person terminates, it shall cancel its
registration with the registration authority and publicly announce the
termination.
Article 47
When an enterprise as legal person is disbanded, it shall establish a
liquidation organization and go into liquidation. When an enterprise as
legal person is dissolved or is declared bankrupt, the competent authority
or a people's court shall organize the organs and personnel concerned to
establish a liquidation organization to liquidate the enterprise.
Article 48
An enterprise owned by the whole people, as legal person, shall bear civil
liability with the property that the state authorizes it to manage. An
enterprise under collective ownership, as legal person, shall bear civil
liability with the property it owns. A Chinese-foreign equity joint
venture, Chinese-foreign contractual joint venture or foreign-capital
enterprise as legal person shall bear civil liability with the property it
owns, except as stipulated otherwise by law.
Article 49
Under any of the following circumstances, an enterprise as legal person
shall bear liability, its legal representative may additionally be given
administrative sanctions and fined and, if the offence constitutes a
crime, criminal responsibility shall be investigated in accordance with
the law:
(1) conducting illegal operations beyond the range approved and registered
by the registration authority;
(2) concealing facts from the registration and tax authorities and
practising fraud;
(3) secretly withdrawing funds or hiding property to evade repayment of
debts;
(4) disposing of property without authorization after the enterprise is
dissolved, disbanded or declared bankrupt;
(5) failing to apply for registration and make a public announcement
promptly when the enterprise undergoes a change or terminates, thus
causing interested persons to suffer heavy losses;
(6) engaging in other activities prohibited by law, damaging the interests
of the state or the public interest.
Section 3 Official Organ, Institution and Social Organization as Legal
Person
Article 50
An independently funded official organ shall be qualified as a legal
person on the day it is established.
If according to law an institution or social organization having the
qualifications of a legal person needs not go through the procedures for
registering as a legal person, it shall be qualified as a legal person on
the day it is established; if according to law it does need to go through
the registration procedures, it shall be qualified as a legal person after
being approved and registered.
Section 4 Economic Association
Article 51
If a new economic entity is formed by enterprises or an enterprise and an
institution that engage in economic association and it independently bears
civil liability and has the qualifications of a legal person, the new
entity shall be qualified as a legal person after being approved and
registered by the competent authority.
Article 52
If the enterprises or an enterprise and an institution that engage in
economic association conduct joint operation but do not have the
qualifications of a legal person, each party to the association shall, in
proportion to its respective contribution to the investment or according
to the agreement made, bear civil liability with the property each party
owns or manages. If joint liability is specified by law or by agreement,
the parties shall assume joint liability.
Article 53
If the contract for economic association of enterprises or of an
enterprise and an institution specifies that each party shall conduct
operations independently, it shall stipulate the rights and obligations of
each party, and each party shall bear civil liability separately.
Chapter IV Civil Juristic Acts and Agency
Section 1 Civil Juristic Acts
Article 54
A civil juristic act shall be the lawful act of a citizen or legal person
to establish, change or terminate civil rights and obligations.
Article 55
A civil juristic act shall meet the following requirements:
(1) the actor has relevant capacity for civil conduct;
(2) the intention expressed is genuine; and
(3) the act does not violate the law or the public interest.
Article 56
A civil juristic act may be in written, oral or other form. If the law
stipulates that a particular form be adopted, such stipulation shall be
observed.
Article 57
A civil juristic act shall be legally binding once it is instituted. The
actor shall not alter or rescind his act except in accordance with the law
or with the other party's consent.
Article 58
Civil acts in the following categories shall be null and void:
(1) those performed by a person without capacity for civil conduct;
(2) those that according to law may not be independently performed by a
person with limited capacity for civil conduct;
(3) those performed by a person against his true intentions as a result of
cheating, coercion or exploitation of his unfavourable position by the
other party;
(4) those that performed through malicious collusion are detrimental to
the interest of the state, a collective or a third party;
(5) those that violate the law or the public interest;
(6) economic contracts that violate the state's mandatory plans; and
(7) those that performed under the guise of legitimate acts conceal
illegitimate purposes. Civil acts that are null and void shall not be
legally binding from the very beginning.
Article 59
A party shall have the right to request a people's court or an arbitration
agency to alter or rescind the following civil acts:
(1) those performed by an actor who seriously misunderstood the contents
of the acts;
(2) those that are obviously unfair.
Rescinded civil acts shall be null and void from the very beginning.
Article 60
If part of a civil act is null and void, it shall not affect the validity
of other parts.
Article 61
After a civil act has been determined to be null and void or has been
rescinded, the party who acquired property as a result of the act shall
return it to the party who suffered a loss. The erring party shall
compensate the other party for the losses it suffered as a result of the
act; if both sides are in error, they shall each bear their proper share
of the responsibility.
If the two sides have conspired maliciously and performed a civil act that
is detrimental to the interests of the state, a collective or a third
party, the property that they thus obtained shall be recovered and turned
over to the state or the collective, or returned to the third party.
Article 62
A civil juristic act may have conditions attached to it. Conditional civil
juristic acts shall take effect when the relevant conditions are met.
Section 2 Agency
Article 63
Citizens and legal persons may perform civil juristic acts through agents
An agent shall perform civil juristic acts in the principal's name within
the scope of the power of agency. The principal shall bear civil liability
for the agent's acts of agency. Civil juristic acts that should be
performed by the principal himself, pursuant to legal provisions or the
agreement between the two parties, shall not be entrusted to an agent.
Article 64
Agency shall include entrusted agency, statutory agency and appointed
agency. An entrusted agent shall exercise the power of agency as
entrusted by the principal; a statutory agent shall exercise the power of
agency as prescribed by law; and an appointed agent shall exercise the
power of agency as designated by a people's court or the appointing unit.
Article 65
A civil juristic act may be entrusted to an agent in writing or orally. If
legal provisions require the entrustment to be written, it shall be
effected in writing. Where the entrustment of agency is in writing, the
power of attorney shall clearly state the agent's name, the entrusted
tasks and the scope and duration of the power of agency, and it shall be
signed or sealed by the principal.
If the power of attorney is not clear as to the authority conferred, the
principal shall bear civil liability towards the third party, and the
agent shall be held jointly liable.
Article 66
The principal shall bear civil liability for an act performed by an actor
with no power of agency, beyond the scope of his power of agency or after
his power of agency has expired, only if he recognizes the act
retroactively. If the act is not so recognized, the performer shall bear
civil liability for it. If a principal is aware that a civil act is being
executed in his name but fails to repudiate it, his consent shall be
deemed to have been given.
An agent shall bear civil liability if he fails to perform his duties and
thus causes damage to the principal.
If an agent and a third party in collusion harm the principal's interests,
the agent and the third party shall be held jointly liable.
If a third party is aware that an actor has no power of agency, is
overstepping his power of agency, or his power of agency has expired and
yet joins him in a civil act and thus brings damage to other people, the
third party and the actor shall be held jointly liable.
Article 67
If an agent is aware that the matters entrusted are illegal but still
carries them out, or if a principal is aware that his agent's acts are
illegal but fails to object to them, the principal and the agent shall be
held jointly liable.
Article 68
If in the principal's interests an entrusted agent needs to transfer the
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海南省流动人口管理规定(修正)
海南省人民政府
海南省流动人口管理规定(修正)
海南省人民政府
(1995年11月8日海南省人民政府第94次常务会议通过 根据1997年10月8日海南省人民政府令第106号修正)
第一章 总则
第一条 为维护社会秩序,保障公民合法权益,促进本省经济发展,根据国家有关法律、法规,结合本省实际,制定本规定。
第二条 本规定所称的流动人口,是指离开常住户口所在地的城市市区或者农村乡、镇,到其他地区暂住的人的总称。具体的流动的自然人称为流动人员或者暂住人。
第三条 流动人口管理实行属地管理的原则,以基层管理为主,服务与管理相结合,以服务促管理。
第四条 各级人民政府应当加强对流动人口管理工作的领导。
公安机关是流动人口管理的主管机关。
人事劳动、建设、交通、工商、税务、民政、卫生、计划生育等行政部门应当按照各自的职责,配合公安机关做好流动人口的管理工作。
居民委员会、村民委员会(以下分别简称居委会、村委会)应当积极配合政府各行政部门做好流动人口的管理工作。
第五条 持有暂住证在本省居住1年以上有正当职业的人员,在申请出境旅游、子女入托入学、购买住房等方面享有有暂住地常住户口的居民的同等待遇。
第六条 流动人员的合法权益受法律保护,任何单位和个人不得侵犯。
流动人员应当遵纪守法,服从当地人民政府的管理,维护暂住地的治安秩序、环境卫生,自觉实行计划生育。
第二章 暂住登记和发证
第七条 对流动人员实行暂住登记和申领暂住证制度。
流动人员应当在到达城市市区暂住地5日内或者在到达乡、镇暂住地10日内向暂住地公安派出所申报暂住登记。
在暂住地拟居住30日以上、年满16周岁的流动人员,在申报暂住登记的同时,应当申领暂住证。
第八条 申报暂住登记、申领暂住证,按照下列规定办理:
(一)暂住在机关、团体、部队、企事业单位的,由单位负责到暂住地公安派出所申报暂住登记、申领暂住证;
(二)暂住在建筑施工场所或者个体经营场所的,由场所负责人到暂住地公安派出所申报暂住登记、申领暂住证;
(三)暂住在出租、出借房屋的,由屋主或者其委托代管人到暂住地公安派出所申报暂住登记、申领暂住证;
(四)暂住在居(村)民家中的,由户主到暂住地公安派出所申报暂住登记、申领暂住证;
(五)暂住在船舶上的,由船主到船舶停泊地的公安派出所申报暂住登记;
(六)其他暂住人员,由本人到暂住地公安派出所申报暂住登记、申领暂住证。
第九条 申报暂住登记或者申领暂住证,应当提交下列有效证件:
(一)暂住人的居民身份证;
(二)容留暂住人的单位或者个人的合法资格证件。
暂住人是育龄妇女的,还应当提交暂住地县级以上人民政府计划生育行政部门出具的海南省流动人口计划生育查验证明书。
第十条 离开常住户口所在地到其他地区探亲、访友、就医、就学的人员以及在本市、县、自治县行政区域内流动的人员,应当申报暂住登记,无需申领暂住证。
暂住在宾馆、旅店、招待所、医院的人员,依照旅馆业管理及留医管理的有关规定进行登记,无需申领暂住证。但在宾馆、旅店、招待所中包房居住超过1个月的,应当申领暂住证。
第十一条 劳改、劳教人员保外就医和劳教人员因故请假回家的,必须在到达暂住地24小时内,由户主和本人持劳改、劳教机关出具的证明,到暂住地公安派出所申报暂住登记,返回时应当申报注销。
第十二条 外国人、华侨和港澳台同胞,按照我国法律、法规的有关规定办理登记。
第十三条 暂住证为持证人在暂住地合法居住的证件,应当随身携带,以备查验。
暂住证在同一市、县、自治县范围内有效。
暂住人员在市、县、自治县辖区内变动暂住地址的,应当在变动之日起3日内到暂住地公安派出所办理变更登记。
第十四条 暂住证有效期限最长为1年。有效期满后需继续暂住的,应当在有效期满前到暂住地公安派出所办理延期或者换领手续。
第十五条 暂住证不得伪造、涂改、转让、买卖、出借。
第十六条 暂住证登记的内容需要更正的,应当及时到暂住地公安派出所办理更正手续。
暂住证丢失的,应当及时申报补领。
第十七条 暂住人员离开暂住地时,应当向发证单位交回暂住证。
第三章 户口迁移
第十八条 符合下列条件之一并申办本省城镇常住户口的,应当予以批准:
(一)常住户口在城镇的公民,其配偶、父母、未成年子女,要求到其所在城镇一起居住的;
(二)在城镇有正当职业并购有商品房或者合法建有住宅,要求迁入居住的;
(三)在本省投资兴办工业、农业或者第三产业项目,投资数额较大的,其本人及其配偶、父母、未成年子女,要求迁入城镇居住的;法人投资或者境外投资者投资的,可以分配给该法人或者投资者相应的入户指标;
(四)符合人才引进条件的省外专业技术人员和管理人员,本人及其配偶、未成年子女,要求迁入所到城镇居住的。
中等以上城市应当根据本市增容能力和社会经济发展水平,对入户人员进行指标控制。
第十九条 申办城镇常住户口,应当根据前条第一款不同项的内容分别提供下列材料:
(一)常住户口证件;
(二)房屋产权证;
(三)亲属证明和投资数额证明、营业执照和其他证明材料;
(四)人才引进的有关证明材料。
第二十条 申办城镇常住户口,必须以书面形式向住所地公安派出所提出申请,由公安派出所报经市、县、自治县公安机关批准后办理。
第二十一条 办理常住户口入户应当征收相应的城市增容费,收费办法和标准由市、县、自治县人民政府根据实际情况拟定,报省人民政府批准。
第四章 劳务管理
第二十二条 各级人事劳动行政部门负责流动人员的就业管理,加强劳动监察,查处违反人事劳动法规的行为。
第二十三条 离开本市、县、自治县外出务工经商的人员,应当在常住户口所在地的市、县、自治县人事劳动行政部门办理外出人员就业登记卡。
第二十四条 暂住人员凭居民身份证、暂住证和常住户口所在地发放的外出人员就业登记卡,到暂住地人事劳动行政部门申领海南省外来人员就业证(以下简称外来人员就业证)。
流动人员必须取得外来人员就业证后才能在本省务工或者经商;其中从事经营活动的,还必须按照有关规定申领营业执照。
第二十五条 聘(雇)用流动人员的单位和个人必须查验被聘(雇)人的外出人员就业登记卡、暂住证和外来人员就业证(以下简称“三证”),不得雇用“三证”不全的人员。
聘(雇)用流动人员的单位和个人应当维护被聘(雇)人的合法权益,严格内部安全管理,不得扣押被聘(雇)人的居民身份证、暂住证和其他合法持有的证件。
第二十六条 各级人事劳动行政部门应当向流动就业人员提供劳动和社会保障法规、政策咨询,用工信息咨询,劳动合同指导、鉴证,劳动争议仲裁等就业服务。
第二十七条 在海口市和琼山市的中央、部队、省直(含所属)单位和省以上工商行政管理部门注册的企业的流动人员就业由省人事劳动行政部门管理;省农垦系统、洋浦经济开发区的流动人员就业由省农垦、洋浦经济开发区人事劳动行政部门管理;其他流动人员就业由各市、县、自
治县人事劳动行政部门管理。
第五章 居住管理
第二十八条 单位或者个人出租房屋,应当到当地公安派出所登记和签订治安责任书,并到房地产管理部门申领房屋租赁证。
第二十九条 房屋出租人应当承担下列义务:
(一)核对承租人的身份证件,不得将房屋出租给无有效身份证明的人员;
(二)负责或者督促代管人在规定日期内到当地公安派出所办理暂住登记,申领暂住证;对育龄妇女还必须督促其凭常住地婚育证明到暂住地县级以上人民政府计划生育行政部门办理海南省流动人口计划生育查验证明书;对务工经商人员还必须督促其凭外出人员就业登记卡到暂住地人
事劳动行政部门办理外来人员就业证;对拒办或者逾期未办理“三证”的人员不得向其出租房屋;
(三)承租人生产经营与生活同在一室的,必须督促其采取相应的公共安全防范措施;
(四)发现承租人有违法犯罪活动或者嫌疑的,应当予以制止,并及时报告公安机关,不得包庇、纵容;
(五)对承租人进行遵纪守法宣传教育,积极协助公安机关做好防火、防盗等治安工作。
房屋出借人参照前款规定承担相当于出租人的责任。
第三十条 房屋承租人、借用人应当遵守下列规定:
(一)按照规定申报暂住登记,申领暂住证、外来人员就业证和婚育证明;
(二)未经出租(出借)人同意,不得将租用(借用)的房屋转租(转借)他人使用;
(三)严禁利用出租、出借房屋生产、经营、储存易燃、易爆、有毒等危险物品;
(四)不得从事危害社会和公共安全的活动。
第三十一条 留宿在居(村)民家中的探亲、访友、旅游、出差、就学等人员,户主应当向居(村)委会或者本单位保卫部门报告,并携带有关证件到当地公安派出所申报暂住登记。
第六章 其他管理与服务
第三十二条 工商行政管理部门负责对流动人员从事经营活动进行管理:
(一)核发个体工商户营业执照时,对应当办理“三证”的人员核查“三证”等有关证件;
(二)对务工经商人员进行法制道德教育,查处违法经营活动。
第三十三条 公安机关负责流动人员中无合法证件、无固定住所、无正当生活来源的流浪乞讨人员(以下简称“三无人员”)的收容工作;民政部门负责“三无人员”的遣送工作和流动人员的婚姻登记管理。公安机关与民政部门在收容遣送“三无人员”工作中应当相互协助。
第三十四条 计划生育行政部门负责对流动人员的计划生育进行管理:
(一)负责计划生育证明的发放和查验;
(二)开展计划生育宣传教育;
(三)提供避孕药具和节育技术服务;
(四)查处违反计划生育法规的行为。
第三十五条 卫生行政部门负责对流动人员的健康检查、卫生防疫工作,查处违反卫生法规的行为。
第三十六条 建设行政部门负责对建筑施工队伍和工地的管理以及流动人员聚集地的规划管理;负责小城镇的开发建设,以有利于农村剩余劳动力的就地就近转移;负责对房屋出租的管理和市容、环境卫生监察。
第三十七条 驻琼部队应当配合有关行政管理部门做好营区内流动人员的管理工作。
第三十八条 各市、县、自治县人民政府应当有计划地在流动人员较集中的地方,修建简易的劳动公寓和与之相配套的服务设施,供流动人员居住和使用。简易劳动公寓和与之相配套的服务设施可以交由所在地的居(村)委会负责管理。
流动人员集中居住100人以上和成建制单位50人以上的,应当建立治保、调解组织。
严禁流动人员自搭自建棚屋居住。
第三十九条 本规定所述的暂住登记、暂住证、外出人员就业登记卡、外来人员就业证、房屋租赁证及计划生育证明等可以由当地居(村)委会接受委托代为申报办理,为流动人口管理提供优质服务。
居(村)委会提供前款所列服务,可以适当收取费用;收费标准由省物价管理部门制定。
第四十条 流动人口管理工作过程中的收费项目和标准,必须按照国家和省人民政府的有关规定执行。未经省人民政府批准,任何地方和部门不得擅自增设收费项目和提高收费标准。
第七章 奖罚
第四十一条 对模范遵守本规定,有下列情形之一的,由各级人民政府或者有关部门和单位给予表彰、奖励:
(一)暂住人员在本省物质文明和精神文明建设中做出突出贡献的;
(二)流动人口管理工作成绩显著的;
(三)及时发现、制止流动人员中的违法犯罪活动,提供线索,协助公安、司法机关破获案件或者对维护治安秩序做出突出贡献的。
第四十二条 流动人员违反本规定,按照下列办法处罚:
(一)逾期不申报暂住登记或者不申领暂住证,或者暂住期满未按照规定办理延期手续的,由公安机关依照公安部发布的《暂住证申领办法》的有关规定处罚;
(二)未办理营业执照或者违法从事经营活动的,由工商行政管理部门或者其他有关行政部门依照有关法规的规定处罚;
(三)应当办理但未办理外出人员就业登记卡、外来人员就业证的,由人事劳动行政部门依照劳动管理法规的有关规定处罚;
(四)违反计划生育有关规定的,由计划生育行政部门依照计划生育法规、规章的有关规定处罚。
第四十三条 有关单位或者个人违反本规定,按照下列办法处罚:
(一)未向公安机关和房地产管理部门办理房屋出租登记手续私自出租房屋的,由公安机关和房地产管理部门依照各自权限责令限期改正,并没收非法所得;情节严重的,可以并处月租金5倍以下罚款; (注:根据海南省人民政府令第106号决定将第四十三条第一项修改为:
未向房地产管理部门办理房屋出租登记私自出租房屋的,由房地产管理部门依照权限责令限期改正;情节严重的,处以违法所得1倍以上3倍以下罚款,但最高不得超过30000元。)
(二)出租人、出借人将房屋出租、出借给无有效证件承租人、借用人的,由公安机关和房地产管理部门依照各自权限给予警告,可以并处月租金3倍以下罚款; (注:根据海南省人民政府令第106号决定将本条第二项修改为:
出租人、出借人将房屋出租、出借给无有效证件承租人、借用人的,由公安机关和房地产管理部门依照各自权限给予警告,可以并处违法所得1倍以上3倍以下罚款,但最高不得超过30000元;没有违法所得的,可以并以10000元以下罚款。)
(三)单位或者个人聘(雇)用“三证”不全的流动人员的,由公安机关或者人事劳动行政部门责令限期改正,并按照每使用1人处500元罚款;
(四)非法扣押暂住证、居民身份证和其他由流动人员合法持有的证件的,由公安机关对单位负责人或者直接责任人予以警告,可以并处500元以下罚款;
(五)单位对其聘(雇)用的流动人员不履行管理职责,致使单位内部治安秩序混乱,发生刑事案件或者重大治安案件的,由公安机关责令限期整改;逾期不改的,对单位负责人和直接责任人处500元以上5000元以下罚款;
(六)对流动人员自搭自建棚屋居住的,土地使用权人应当责令搭棚人限期拆迁;土地使用权人不责令搭棚人限期拆迁的,每居住1人处100元罚款;搭棚人拒不拆迁的,每居住1人处100元罚款;上述处罚由建设行政部门作出,同时强制拆除违章搭建的棚屋;
(七)对伪造、涂改、转让、买卖、出借暂住证的,予以警告,可以并处500元以下罚款;行为人因上列行为有非法所得的,除予以没收外,可以并处非法所得1—3倍的罚款。
第四十四条 对违反本规定构成违反治安管理行为的,依照治安管理处罚条例的有关规定处罚;构成犯罪的,依法追究刑事责任。
第四十五条 用工单位、雇主和房屋出租人、出借人容留暂住育龄妇女计划外生育的,由计划生育行政部门依照计划生育法规、规章的有关规定处罚。
第四十六条 当事人对行政处罚决定不服的,可以在收到行政处罚决定书之日起15日内向作出行政处罚决定机关的上一级行政机关申请复议,也可以直接向人民法院起诉机关。法律、法规规定应当先向行政机关申请复议,对复议不服再向人民法院起诉的,或者对提起复议期限另有具
体规定的,从其规定。逾期不申请复议,也不起诉,又不履行处罚决定的,由作出行政处罚决定的行政机关依法强制执行或者申请人民法院强制执行。
第四十七条 有关行政执法机关和流动人口管理机构的工作人员,徇私舞弊、滥用职权、玩忽职守的,由其所在单位或者上级主管机关给予行政处分;构成犯罪的,依法追究刑事责任。
第八章 附则
第四十八条 暂住证、外出人员就业登记卡、外来人员就业证、房屋租赁证分别由省公安机关和省人事劳动、建设行政部门按照国家规定统一印制。
第四十九条 本规定具体应用中的问题,由省人民政府负责解释。
第五十条 本规定自发布之日起施行。1989年5月26日发布的《海南省暂住人口管理暂行规定》同时废止。
1995年11月23日